2024.02.01
MEP Engineering talk. Environment and facility idea notes Vol. 11
Creating a comfortable "air" environment with renewable energy
Takasago Thermal Innovation Center
The Takasago Thermal Innovation Center, a research base for an air conditioning equipment construction company, is a facility that aims to be a "live office," a place where workers can experience these environments while also taking on the challenge of introducing a number of new technologies. We will introduce a case study in which we conducted everything from system construction to demonstration and evaluation after repeated discussions with the company's personnel and university professors.
How to create an "energy independent" research facility
In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, large amounts of electricity from renewable energy sources, such as mega solar power plants and offshore wind power plants, are beginning to be connected to the power grid (power transmission system). While this is expected to increase further in the future, measures to stabilize the power grid are urgently needed due to the instability of supply.
地下水熱・バイオマスCHP・太陽光発電・蓄電池を取り入れた本施設では、「熱利用」「発電」「蓄電」を上手に組み合わせることで、敷地内で創エネとエネルギー消費を完結させて、売電せずに実績値でZEB(旧研究所を基準値とし、オフィス棟で『ZEB』、敷地全体でNearly ZEB)を実現。現在はEMS(大容量蓄電池用電力マネジメントシステム)の制御により発電した電気をオンサイトで完全自己消費していますが、将来的にはこれを用いて電力網の需給に合わせた電力制御の最適化も可能な、グリッドの安定化に貢献する施設です。
The main heat sources for this facility are biomass CHP heat, which is a renewable energy source, and groundwater heat.
Biomass CHP uses wood chips as fuel, which is more difficult to operate stably than fossil fuels, so after inspecting case studies and identifying issues together with Takasago Thermal Engineering staff, we decided to introduce this project, our first of its kind.
To increase the efficiency of biomass CHP, it is essential to have a system that uses the heat generated here all year round.In winter, it is used as a heat source for heating, and in summer, it is used to reheat the desiccant outdoor air conditioner and to supply hot water, and the surplus heat is also used to dry wood chips, making sure that no heat is wasted.
In order to make the most of the groundwater heat, we have introduced air conditioning systems that use high-temperature cold water, such as desiccant outdoor air conditioners, radiant air conditioners, and personal air conditioners. These devices are newly developed with the aim of achieving even greater energy conservation. In addition, to use groundwater heat, which is a limited resource, as the main heat source, we have set up two systems: one that pumps up groundwater during the day and uses it, and one that pumps up groundwater at night and stores it in a pit for use. This allows us to obtain sufficient groundwater heat even though we are in an area with water extraction restrictions.
- Biomass CHP (Combined Heat and Power): An energy-saving method that utilizes waste heat generated during power generation. In this facility, wood chips are heated and pyrolyzed to generate high-temperature combustible gas, which is then fed into a gas engine to generate electricity. In the power generation process, the waste heat obtained from engine cooling, etc. is passed through a heat exchanger to supply hot water to the facility.
- Joint development between Takasago Thermal Engineering and the Akashi Laboratory at the University of Tokyo
Using "air" as a key, we create each individual's "work space"
The first thing we focused on as an "Innovation Center" was "creating a working space."
When I was a student, I studied the impact of architectural environments on intellectual productivity, and based on the knowledge that "different types of work require different environments," I would move to a place where the space, sound, light, and thermal environment suited my mood and the work I was doing. From this experience, I thought that this facility, where a variety of tasks are carried out, needed to be designed to allow users to adjust and choose their own environment.
Therefore, we decided to proceed with the design based on the theme of "air," which is Takasago Thermal Engineering's specialty, and repeatedly considered designs and facility plans that would suit various tasks and areas, including individual/multiple people working, concentration/meetings/refreshment, etc. Furthermore, we thought that it would be good to have a space in the office where one can experience the "ever-changing" nature of air, rather than just a stable, fully air-conditioned space, so we created closed and open areas.
Open Area: An office zone that actively utilizes natural ventilation. Personal air conditioners are installed in the ceiling and fixtures, and radiant panels are installed on the counter seats facing the atrium.
The closed area is uniformly air-conditioned with radiant air conditioning, while the open area facing the atrium is gently air-conditioned only with outdoor air conditioning units, allowing for active natural ventilation. Furthermore, three types of personal air conditioning units have been installed in the task areas of both areas, allowing for the creation of a preferred thermal environment in each preferred location.
These efforts have led to the office obtaining an "S rank" in the CASBEE Wellness Office certification.
Actual measurements using a thermal mannequin showed a cooling effect of about -1℃ over the entire body. Air conditioning is only applied to areas that need it, which also contributes to energy conservation.
Through post-completion verification, improvements will be made to create an even better facility
After completion, the facility conducted demonstration and evaluation based on actual measurements and questionnaire surveys of workers over a period of approximately three years in collaboration with Takasago Thermal Engineering and Waseda University's Tanabe Laboratory.
In the first year (2020), energy consumption increased due to operations that were different from those assumed in the design, such as increased ventilation volume due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but by making operational changes based on the verification and improving personal air conditioning, the office building was able to achieve further energy savings in the second and third years. Today, we are continuing to work toward further improvements and environmental improvements. Although the various initiatives that differed from normal office air conditioning were a major challenge, we obtained useful results that can be used in future designs.
We have received numerous domestic awards, including the Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Sanitary Engineers of Japan Award and the Carbon Neutral Grand Prize, but we also took on international awards with these post-completion initiatives in mind, and were able to win first place in Asia in the ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) Technology Award*.
In August 2023, we received the highest score at the ASHRAE Region XIII 26th Chapters Regional Conference of the ASHRAE Technology Awards 2024 regional conference hosted by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), the world's largest international academic society related to air conditioning and heating and cooling.
Designer's Voice
Designer
Mechanical MEP Engineering Department / Joined in 2014
Yuka Muto
Yuka Muto
With the cooperation of many people from planning to construction and demonstration, this facility has won numerous awards and been widely praised. Being involved in this project has been a great source of inspiration for me as a designer. I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to all those involved. I would be delighted if this facility could help raise interest in carbon neutrality and contribute to the creation of new ideas.
*Affiliation at the time of project assignment
Data
Property Name | |
---|---|
location | 2-19 Fujimigaoka, Tsukubamirai City, Ibaraki Prefecture |
Applications | Research Facilities |
Site area | 22,746.18 m2 |
Building area | 7,129.74 m² |
Total floor area | 11,763.97 m² |
Floor number | 2 floors above ground, 1 floor in the penthouse Maximum height: 15.455m |
Construction type | Ground floor steel construction, partly reinforced concrete construction |
Certifications | CASBEE Wellness Office (2020 edition): S rank |
Planning, development, verification and evaluation | Takasago Thermal Engineering Co., Ltd. |
Design (※1), Construction Supervision, verification, and evaluation | Mitsubishi Jisho Design Inc. |
Design (※2) and construction | Takenaka Corporation |
Construction | Kandenko Corporation, Yamato Corporation, Takasago Thermal Engineering Co., Ltd. Kan-Shinetsu Branch |
Verification and Evaluation | Shinichi Tanabe (Professor, Waseda University), Yasuyoshi Akashi (Professor, The University of Tokyo), Masanari Ukai (Lecturer, Waseda University), Shohei Miyata (Specially Appointed Lecturer, The University of Tokyo) |
Awards |
|
1: schematic design, design development (air conditioning, sanitation, electricity)
2: design development (architecture and structure)
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